To Tell Or To Lie :: essays research papers

To Tell or to Lie Maral Frendjian For current understudies, a preparation in talk, for example, that offered by Gorgias is progressively ideal, as opposed to figuring out how to recognize truth from lie. It is the craft of mighty language, stressing metaphors also, concentrating on gadgets for influencing and convincing a group of people, that would be generally useful for understudies lives today. In spite of the way that it is just ornamented language to make a decent veneer, the talk by Gorgias is fundamental for the achievement of understudies, particularly the individuals who might want to "sell" their thoughts, items or convictions to the individuals (the bigger populace).      In the world we live in, there are numerous methods of getting the things that we need. The manner in which a great many people might want to accept that their achievements were accomplished is through difficult work and sweat. In any case, that isn't the way it works, on the grounds that a great many people far and wide lie to get things to go their direction. An ideal case of a gathering of individuals that utilization the talk are legislators. Government officials will say and effectively persuade the residents that they are right, and that they will do all they guarantee to do, on the off chance that you vote in favor of the person in question. They attempt to persuade every one of us the time, and frequently succeed, that they will make changes. Simply consider the multiple occasions we've heard, "If you vote in favor of me, I will bring down the taxes."      Gorgias makes an understood point with respect to the intensity of the talk. The accompanying statement from Gorgias communicates the effect that talk can have on those tuning in. I mean the capacity to persuade by methods for discourse a jury in a courtroom, individuals from the Council in their Chamber, voters at a gathering of the Assembly, also, some other social event of residents whatever it might be. By the activity of this capacity you will have the specialist furthermore, the mentor as your slaves, and your man of business will end up being bringing in cash not for himself however for another; for you, truth be told, who can talk what's more, to persuade the majority. (Gorgias, p.28 sec. 453) What Gorgias is stating in the first statement is about the astonishing intensity of influence. He is stating that on the off chance that you can persuade, you have the ability to influence anybody tuning in by your thoughts. He exhibits the different circumstances in which the "ability to convince" can support the persuader, by giving him the force with the goal that the control will be in their grasp. Persuading isn't just a type of discourse, it is a type of turning reality,

Sophie Scholl and the White Rose

The Sophie Scholl and the White Rose was a book composed by Annete Dumbach and Jud Newborn. It is a very much inquired about and introduced book that represent the respect and boldness that was appeared by youthful German understudies and their way of thinking teacher. These understudies were facing Nazism and the Nationalist Socialist development. This was during the Second World War. The gathering was associated with the dispersion of handouts that urged individuals to contradict the system of Adolf Hitler.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Sophie Scholl and the White Rose explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The flyers battle was from June 1942 to February 1943. Sadly, the six center individuals from the gathering were secured by the German police and captured. In 1943, these individuals confronted execution by beheading. For example, in 1945, there was the arraignment of one of the key individuals from the gathering. Hans Conrad Leipelt was exec uted for having partaken in the appropriation of Leaflet 6 in the town of Hamburg, Germany. The fundamental subject in the book is the battle against persecution. In the book, we see understudies attempting to think of techniques that could end the autocracy of Adolf Hitler. This period denoted the darkest days in Europe. The vast majority of the persecution was seen during the expulsion of the Jews in 1942. At the point when the Jews were expelled, Hans, Jurgen, Sophie and Alexander chose to take care of the mistreatment of the Nazi system. They chose to purchase a typewriter and a copying machine. Hans and Alex composed the primary handout bearing the heading, â€Å"Leaflets of The White Rose. As individuals from The White Rose, the four accomplished buckle down, day and night, in mystery. They created a great many handouts from obscure areas in Germany. These pamphlets were send to researchers and surgeons. So as to occupy consideration from their exercises, Sophie used to purch ase stamps, just as paper from various areas. In the book, the subject of persecution is demonstrated when individuals who are against the oppression in the nation are captured and executed. An average model is Sophie Scholl who is executed for her remain against Jewish extradition. Here, we see her being captured, grilled, detained, attempted and executed by the administration. Also, the capture, preliminary and execution of Christoph Probst and Hans show the persecution that was going on around then. The executing of in excess of 100,000 individuals in Germany indicated that there was persecution. The Nazis slaughtered fundamentally the impeded, just as the ones with nonexclusive scatters. To the Nazis, individuals with nonexclusive scatters were declines and were, in this manner, not commendable living. The significant shortcoming of the book is that it has focused such a great amount on just one character to the detriment of others. The character, Sophie Scholl, takes a focal pi ece of the book in spite of there being other fundamental character. For example, her sibling Hans likewise assumes a basic job in the battle against Nazi. In any case, most consideration in the book centers around Sophie.Advertising Looking for report on writing dialects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, after they were finished with printing the handouts, nobody was prepared to do the circulation. From there on, we see Hans tolerating to do the dissemination and he was prepared to assume liability. Sophie just comes in aid the dispersion of pamphlets. The best statement that summarizes this work is â€Å"I am, presently as in the past, of the feeling that I did as well as could be expected accomplish for my country. I in this manner don't lament my lead and will bear the outcomes that outcome from my conduct†. This shows how the understudies were happy to forfeit to benefit the nation. They were prepare d to assume liability of whatever they did, just as what specialists could state. Works Cited Dumbach, Annette, Newborn, Jud. Sophie Scholl and the White Rose. New York: Oneworld Publications, 2007. Print. This report on Sophie Scholl and the White Rose was composed and presented by client Arturo A. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

DNA and Genetic Privacy Essay Example

DNA and Genetic Privacy Essay The Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary stresses that protection is â€Å"freedom from unapproved intrusion† (Dictionary). Hereditary security is only that, something to be kept an individual issue and kept from unlawful incursion.One’s hereditary data ought to be kept out of the hands of the protection offices and, in unique cases, law implementation. A quality is innate material situated in the DNA of a cell. DNA (deoxyribonucleic corrosive) is the piece of the cell that conveys compound data that decides an organism’s attributes represent adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, respectively.When set up they structure a quality arrangement, which is a piece of a DNA strand. To locate these base sets, specialists utilize a procedure known as DNA sequencing. DNA sequencing is in a roundabout way perusing the base combines in a quality succession through substance reactions.Once a quality grouping has been discovered, DNA sequencing can be utilized to discover what it does and why it acts thusly. When DNA sequencing is utilized on an individual, they see an authority to manage the conceivable feeling issues brought about by revelation of potential wellbeing dangers. Hereditary guiding as characterized by the American Society of Human Genetics â€Å"a correspondence process which manages the human issues, for example, despondency related with the event, or danger of event, of a hereditary issue in a family.† Genes incline yet don't direct our future.We are a U comprised of qualities, however qualities are not all that we are. Natural variables may decide our future as much as our qualities, and our connection with our condition is unstable (Annas 20). We will compose a custom article test on DNA and Genetic Privacy explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on DNA and Genetic Privacy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on DNA and Genetic Privacy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Hereditary data is exceptionally private data, more so than other clinical data like HIV status or emotional wellness, for three reasons:It can anticipate an individual’s likely clinical future; it unveils individual data about one’s guardians, kin, and kids; and it has a past filled with being utilized to

In what ways does the presentation of Polonius contribute to the play Hamlet? Essay

‘Hamlet’ By William Shakespeare Question: In what ways does the introduction of Polonius add to the play Hamlet? Answer: Polonius, instructor to the King, father of Ophelia and Laertes (and despite the fact that there is no proof, it is conceivable that he held a situation at court under Hamlet’s father, the old King), appears to have a nearby and created relationship with the Royal family and knows a ton about the family ancestry and foundation in detail. With the crowd knowing this, Shakespeare can utilize Polonius as a weapon against Claudius so as to secure himself or to coerce the King. He is a man who is trusted by Claudius, the King of Denmark who tells Laertes, Polonius’ child, that his dad is endlessly imperative to Denmark, † The head isn't increasingly local to the heart, The hand is progressively instrumental to the mouth, Than is the position of royalty of Denmark to thy father. † (Act 1 Scene 2-Lines 47-49) Here, the crowd would most presumably be twofold disapproved and marginally confounded. This is on the grounds that; this statement could have a two sided connotation. It may be the case that Claudius needs to dispose of Polonius yet finds difflculty in doing as such as he is an unwavering hireling towards himself, the King. Polonius could be a â€Å"instrumental† devise for Claudius for those crucial occasions. We before long discover that Polonius is an over-defensive dad who just needs to shield his youngsters from society and has a solid authority over his child and little girl. This is found out when Claudius calls to Laertes: â€Å"Have you your father’s leave? What says Polonius? † (Act 1 Scene 2-Line 57) More proof of Polonius’ parenthood is reflected in Act 1 Scene 3, when Laertes is conversing with Ophelia before he is going to leave for France. Polonius enters the scene offering address like guidance to Laertes about elements to take part in and factors not to take part in. † Be thou recognizable, yet in no way, shape or form indecent. † (Act 1 Scene 3-Line 61) He doesn't confide in his child, which is the reason Polonius approaches Reynaldo â€Å"to make ask of his conduct. † Not just this, yet he gives verbose encourage to Ophelia without thinking of her as emotions by playing with his words, and blaming Ophelia for not having the option to settle on her own reasonable choices. â€Å"You talk like a green girl† (Act 1 Scene 3-Line 101) Polonius’ playing with words doesn't stop here; he utilizes figures of speech to cause himself to appear to be keen, while the ruler and sovereign are not intrigued by any stretch of the imagination. At the point when he understands that his ‘artificial intelligence’ isn't working, he thinks of his â€Å"lovesick† plan (to keep an eye on Hamlet and use Ophelia). Polonius doesn't just ‘educate’ his youngsters for their own advantages yet additionally to further his potential benefit. He utilizes them, Ophelia specifically, to elevate his vocation prompting Claudius to be pleased when it is uncovered that Ophelia is completing her father’s filthy work for him without knowing, which uncovers the level of Polonius’ slyness. Polonius’ work is his need (this is reflected when he utilizes Ophelia to keep up his head high before the King) and it is appeared in the play that he is equipped for going to extraordinary estimates just so as to fulfill all and to keep his head high. I think he needs very a lot to intrigue the ruler and sovereign, which clarify his senseless â€Å"talking around and around. † For instance, when he says, â€Å"Give first permission to th’ambassadors; My news will be the natural product to that extraordinary banquet. † (Act 2 Scene 2-Lines 51-52) Shakespeare utilizes a character like Polonius in this play to supplement the entire play. Polonius’ amusing jokes make the crowd snicker and adjust the play against the strained and significant scenes in the play, HAMLET † Do you see there cloud that’s nearly fit as a fiddle of a camel? † POLONIUS † By th’mass, and ’tis like a camel without a doubt. HAMLET † Methinks it resembles a weasel. POLONIUS † It is upheld like a weasel. HAMLET † Or like a whale? POLONIUS † Very like a whale. (Act 3 Scene 2-Lines 339-344) In act 3 scene 2, when Polonius is advised to get Hamlet, Hamlet plays with his words towards Polonius and makes him state whatever he, Hamlet picks. Polonius is made to state that he sees nonexistent shapes, which Hamlet recommends, are in the mists.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for September 16th, 2019

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Cost Management The key elements of Activity Based Costing - 825 Words

Cost Management: The key elements of Activity Based Costing (Coursework Sample) Content: Cost ManagementName:Institution:Date 1 What is an activity-based costing?Activity based costing methodology seek to identify activities in an organization, and then assign each activity with resources according to actual consumption/expenditure by each unit (Drury, 2013). The ABC approach involves tracing resource consumption and costing final output. In that form way, there is an examination of the cost used in the production process and the actual output (Drury, 2013).The key elements of Activity Based CostingActivity Based Costing consist five key elements. These are, Resources, Resources drivers, Activities, activity cost drivers and cost objects (Kaplan Anderson, 2013).Resources: resources are what the firms spend money on. Resources can also be described as economic or the money elements used in performance of various tasks in the organization. Resource drivers entail the basis of tracing resources to activities. It is the measure of the quantity of resource co nsumed in an activity. An example is the salary computation using the number of hours worked.Activities on the other hand refer to a unit of work. An example is a hotel organization where activity would be bringing food and the menu as per Drury (2013) arguments. Lastly we have activity cost drivers and the cost objects. Activity cost drivers refers to specific unit of work carried out to serve the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s requirements. On the other hand the cost object refers to any customer, product or a service. Essentially cost object is directed to a product or a service (Kaplan and Anderson, 2013). 2 How an activity-based costing differs from a more traditional costing methodActivity based costing is more accurate than the traditional costing method (Drury, 2013). The accuracy is achieved by the factor that ABC takes more factors into consideration before assigning a cost. As a result, the ABC method is more time consuming given the examination that has to be in place before assig ning any cost (Drury, 2013).The ABC method focuses on assigning overhead costs to a specific product (Kaplan and Anderson, 2013). That brings about the complexity nature of ABC method. On the other hand, about the traditional costing, it relies solely on assigning average overhead rates. Therefore, one source of the difference can be attributed to the complexity nature of the ABC over Traditional costing.Do you prefer ABC to traditional costing methods?Both the traditional and the Activity Based Costing have various merits and demerits. The most favorable opinion would be that the merits in the Activity Based Costing outweigh the demerits that make it the best costing method. That is realized when you consider accuracy involved in the ABC method. Each function is well analyzed in enabling the creation of a conclusive decision of the cost that is likely to be incurred in all operation functions. By proper accountability of all cost involved, efficiency is realized. Efficiency will assist the organization in maximizing its profits given that wastage is minimized. Therefore, ABC method is preferable over the traditional costing (Tazegul Kaygin, 2014). 3 What are your thoughts on the speaker's comments and examples?The talk by Gary Cokins explains the mistrust that exists in the management accounting with respect to cost allocation (Vaciu, 2015). In this case, it is true that having an incorrect figure may mislead the management in decision-making. It is in that respect that a strong costing method is crucial.Relating to the speakerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s example on a hotel scenario, it is true that it would be unfair to put all the check even. An individual is always willing to pay as per the consumption. The scenario can be used to relate on the organization practice. The firms are willing to pay for the expenses that they know will yield results at a later date. In this case, the expenditure on different units cannot be accounted for, and then that will contribute to business failure.The Speaker also talks about diversity and complexity (Vaciu, 2015). His postulation is very true. The moment the business has expanded which is the case in the twenty-first century, complexity comes in. That arises following the fact that the units of production are many in number. To control diversity, a strong overhead management system is required. ABC being the most efficient cost management method comes in place at this point that is in line with the Garyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s postulations. 4 What cost drivers?Cost drivers the factors that influences or contribute to the expense of a Firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s operations. In other words, it is something that drives the cost of the specific activity (Drury, 2013).How cost drivers relate to cost poolsActivity cost pools refer to an aggregate of all cost required to perform tasks such as production. Cost drivers relate to cost pools in the following. They relate in that it is from the activity pools that we can get cost drivers (Kap lan Anderson, 2013). From the definition, cost drivers refer to something that direct cost in a given way. It is as a result that for the cost drivers to be realized, the cost pools must be acknowledged first. Taking an instance of a real estate devel...

Faith Hope and Love in How I Learned to Drive - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2122 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Faith Essay Did you like this example? The three theological virtues, faith, hope, and love are recurring themes throughout history, especially prevalent in theater and plays. The idea of hope in Angels in America by Tony Kushner and How I Learned to Drive by Paula Vogel creates a sense of a happy endings in both plays; however looking deeper it may only be a happy ending for some of the characters. All three virtues must work together symbiotically, without one they would cease to exist. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Faith Hope and Love in How I Learned to Drive" essay for you Create order The characters from both plays, Angels in America and How I Learned to Drive go through traumatic circumstances and events, and communicate to the audience in different ways in order to cope with their grief. Lil Bit, How I Learned to Drive, and Prior Walter and The Angel, Angels in America, use the theological virtues of faith, hope, and love in order to process and explain their traumatic experiences. The character of Lil Bit in How I Learned to Drive narrates her story in segments of memories, completely out of order and on her own terms. She is painting a story in flashbacks, accessing repressed memories in a strategic order. These flashbacks only allow the audience access to what Lil Bit wants to tell. How I Learned to Drive is set in the 1960-70s, in an extremely poor and rural town where Lil Bit lives with her mother and father. Her family is very open about sexuality, often joking about sexual subjects at the dinner table. While eating dinner, Lil Bits grandfather says Well she better stop being so sensitive, cause five minutes before Lil Bit turns the corner, her tits turn first (Vogel 11). The familys openness with sex makes Lil Bit uncomfortable, telling them to stop and walking away from the table. Though the last scene in the play, if we put the the play together chronologically the first scene is during a trip where Lil Bit wants to stay an extra week at the beach and drive home with Uncle Peck. Lil Bits mother says no at first, but after Lil Bits relentless insisting, her mother tells her its her own fault if she gets hurt. On the ride home, Uncle Peck sexually assaults Lil Bit however; she waits until the end of the play to give us that information for a reason. After revealing the piece of the puzzle she was withholding the entire play, Lil Bit says: That day was the last day I lived in my body. I retreated above the neck, and lived inside the fire in my head ever since (Vogel 58). This statement is extremely powerful, as it demonstrates faith, hope, and love at once. This complex love for Uncle Peck is not black and white, Herren explains,Lil Bits relationship with Peck was a love/hate relationship with a man who was not only her uncle and her abuser but also her mentor, teacher, father-figure, and confidante. As an adult capable of forgiveness, she can appreciate the gifts that he gave her along with the punishments (Herren par 5). Lil Bits secret the entire play is that she loves/loved her Uncle Peck, but it is an anomalous love. Lil Bit starts the play with: Sometimes to tell a secret, you first have to teach a lesson (Vogel 9). This sets the tone of forbidden love, hope, and faith across the play. Throughout the play, we begin to understand that the relationship between Lil Bit and Uncle Peck is complex and may not be understood to anyone, including her. The idea of hope and faith are interdependent, they simply do not work without each other. Faith is the not necessarily believing in a higher power, but rather the idea of trusting ourselves to another, whether it be a person or an entity. Searching deeper, many people believe the idea of faith is only spiritual or religious, but people could entrust almost anyone with the idea that they will do what is in our best interest. Hope is taking that trust of faith, and extending it out into the future while keeping the same belief that the other person has the best of intentions. At the age of eleven, Lil Bit put her faith in her Uncle Peck, with the hope that he could be mentor. This faith and hope make the audience uneasy and uncomfortable for the duration of the play. Vogel chose to make the audience uncomfortable about Lil Bit and Pecks pedophiliac and incestuous relationship, all while Lil Bit is trying to make us see that Peck was someone she looked up to and admired. The challenges of such an approach are daunting. Vogel chose to write against the prevailing grain of what we think we know (through pop-cultural clich) about sexual abuse, instead emphasizing the gifts we receive from the people who hurt us. But Vogel was also intent upon not denying or forgetting the original pain (Harren par 3). While Lil Bits family is trapped in a poor town in Maryland, Lil Bit dreams of working hard academically in order to go to college and better her life. The rest of her family thinks this is an unnecessary pipe dream, however Uncle Peck is a supportive confidant who does everything in his power to help Lil Bit succeed. At the age of thirteen Lil Bit seals her fate by putting her faith into Uncle Peck one a week for their furtive meetings. Lil Bits hope is Uncle Peck will be someone who can help her, while she is helping him. Lil Bit understands that even though her uncle is flawed, her faith and hope lay in his hands. Through this, Lil Bit slowly begins to fall in love with her abuser, in an arguable Stockholm Syndrome type mentality. Most people will read or watch this play and immediately fixate on the fact that Lil Bit is a minor and that Peck is her uncle, but Vogel is more interested in depicting a woman with hope, faith and love sorting through a traumatic experience in order to get forgiveness and acceptance from herself. Lil Bits story ends happily, as everytime she drives she pictures Uncle Peck, a happy memory of the man she loves, the one who so early on in her life she put her faith and hope into. The ideas of hope, faith, and love are vastly different as portrayed in Angels in America, with characters Prior Walter and The Angel. Prior Walters faith was tested time and time again after he contracted AIDS and his health began to deteriorate. After breaking the news to long time boyfriend, Louis, Priors health began to take a steady decline. At first, it appeared that Louis was going to stay, and help Prior battle the disease, but it soon became clear that Louis was going to abandon Prior in his time of need. After almost four years together, Prior put his faith into Louis, and his hopewhich was his faith extended into the future. As in any serious relationship, partners put their hope into the other person, believing that they will be there during the difficult times when help is so desperately needed. Any long-term relationship is rooted in hope, hope that the other partner has our best interest at heart, hope that their love will extend into the future and be strong enough to withstand the trials and tribulation of life. Was Louis unjust in leaving Prior after his diagnosis? Perhaps, but during the 1980s, AIDS was a frightening and unknown disease which had little to no cure, as drugs to suppress it were almost unattainable and wildly expensive. Perhaps love is a construct, a falseness convoluted by the idea of hope and faith in another person. Hope is an idea that helps many people from giving up on their faith; faith in humanity, faith in themselves, faith in god or lack thereof. As such, hopes labor is to insist that the present is not enough and that the future can and must be better. In dark times such as these, characterized by a range of hopes disappointed-from war without end to the economic and political failures (Chambers-Leston 143). Prior hangs onto the belief that li fe can get better, even if the present is grim. This is an example of faith and hope working interdependently. In flies The Angel, Greetings Prophet! The Great Work Begins: The Messenger Has Arrived (Kushner 167). Prior finds a new faith, and a new hope in the fact that he is deemed a prophet, and must work as such to help save humanity. The Angel demands that Prior STOP MOVING! in order to fulfill Gods wishes for humanity (Kushner 178). Prior, like Jonah from the bible, tries to flee from The Angel as Jonah tried to flee from God. Both Prior and Jonah were unsuccessful in their avoidance, because we can not escape faith and hope (Nutu 177). After Jonah was swallowed by the whale, and Prior felt The Angels power, they both knew that they had to succumb to the powers of their faith and their hope. Despite being diagnosed and living with AIDS, being abandoned by his boyfriend, and watching friends die, Prior still has faith and hope that humanity need to keep moving. Prior has a love for life, a faith that humanity will evolve into acceptance, and a hope for a brighter future. The Angel explain s to Prior that death and destruction are coming for humanity, that the world must stop moving, that the future is grim according to God. Priors hope enables him to have a positive outlook, he wants to live, to see what is ahead of him. Even after The Angel tried to convince Prior to die, he says: Still bless me anyway. I want more life. I cant help myself. I do. Ive lived through such terrible times and there are people who live through much worse. But you see them living anyway. When theyre more spirit than body, more sores than skin, when theyre burned and in agony, when flies lay eggs in the corners of the eyes of their children they live. Death usually has to take life away. I dont know if thats just the animal. I dont know if its not braver to die, but I recognize the habit; the addiction to being alive. So we live past hope. If I can find hope anywhere, thats it, thats the best I can do. (Kushner 283) An undoubtedly likeable character, his hope for his future faith makes Prior not a prophet, but a simple man wanting the most out of his life. Prior searches for his hope, his desire to live another day, to battle his illness, and to be a person who makes a change. Pope Benedict XVI so eloquently wrote: Hope is practised through the virtue of patience, which continues to do good even in the face of apparent failure, and through the virtue of humility, which accepts Gods mystery and trusts him even at times of darkness (Benedict). Throughout history, faith, hope, and love have come together to give people promise into the future, an outlook that could be very grim in the worst of times. Both Lil Bit and Prior practice the art of hopeful patience in order to keep their faith. After their traumas, Lil Bit and Prior decided to keep the faith and hope alive. Through sexual assault, illness, heartbreak, and death both characters chose to uphold the three theological virtues in order to cope and see light at the end of the tunnel. The endings to both plays seem to be happy ones, Lil Bit is forgiving herself for the sexual assault and love she has for Uncle and Prior is loving with AIDS one day at a time. Both characters embody the virtue of hope, Lil Bit seeking seeking forgiveness in herself and Prior wanting acceptance from society and himself. Hope, faith and love collaborate together to shape the characters of Prior and Lil Bit, as they process their tramas throughout the plays. Works Cited Benedict XVI, Pope. God Is Love: Deus Caritas Est : Encyclical Letter. Vatican City : San Francisco: Libreria Editrice Vaticana ; Ignatius Press, 2006. Chambers-Letson, Joshua Takano. The Principle of Hope: Reflections on a Revival of Angels in America. TDR (1988-), vol. 56, no. 1, 2012, pp. 143â€Å"149., www.jstor.org/stable/41407134. Herren, Graley. Narrating, Witnessing, and Healing Trauma in Paula Vogels How I Learned to Drive. Modern Drama, vol. 53 no. 1, 2010, pp. 103-114. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/mdr.0.0145 Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1993. Print. Nutu, Ela. Angels in America and Semiotic Cocktails of Sex, Bible and Politics. Biblical Interpretation, vol. 14, no. 1/2, Feb. 2006, pp. 175â€Å"186. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1163/156851506776145814. Vogel, Paula. How I Learned to Drive. New York: Dramatists Play Service, 1997. Print.

Examine Eliots treatment of women in Prufrock, Preludes,...

Examine Eliot’s treatment of women in Prufrock, Preludes, Portrait of a Lady and Rhapsody on a Windy Night In all four of the poems; ‘Prufrock’, ‘Preludes’, ‘Portrait of a Lady’ and ‘Rhapsody on a Windy Night’, Eliot makes references to women. Eliot seems to treat women almost as objects to either be looked at with wonder and, at times, fascination or as objects to be scorned upon. In all of the poems Eliot makes the voice of the poem slightly distanced from the women and this, to me, makes the women seem almost untouchable. When looking at the poem ‘Prufrock’ we must first notice that the full title is ‘The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock.’ This title seems almost ironic as, after reading the poem, we realise that the poem†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœPortrait of a Lady’ has a very dramatic structure - a one-sided dialogue, in which the lady speaks and her visitor silently comments ably shows us Eliot’s clear views in this poem about women, and in ‘Portrait of a Lady’ the tone suggests that he feels women are ‘false note(s).’ The dialogue of the woman is very pretentious with lines such as â€Å"So intimate, this Chopin, that I think his soul / Should be resurrected only among friends† and â€Å"Without these friendships – life, what cauchemar!† By having the lady speak French Eliot suggests that he perceives this woman to be trying too hard and this makes us think of the woman as if she is putting on a mask rather than being herself; this is one of the main themes which is interwoven into Eliot’s poetry. The poem ‘Preludes’ portrays women in a very different light to ‘Prufrock’ and ‘Portrait of a Lady’. In ‘Preludes’ Eliot draws influence from Baudelaire who wrote about ‘the more sordid aspects of the modern metropolis,’ and it would seem that in ‘Preludes’ women can almost be included in these ‘sordid aspects.’ Eliot talks about a woman in the third stanza of the poem, and it would appear that the woman is a prostitute. Writing about a prostitute, he presents to us a more sordid side of women. In ‘Preludes’, Eliot’s view is almost degrading and at times Eliot presents an ashamed tone when he says â€Å"The thousand

The Recruitment Process Methods - 2479 Words

1. Introduction The purpose of this academic assignment is to prepare a portfolio of documents that will illustrate examples of most effectively practiced recruitment methods. Several documents that best reflected efficient internal and external recruitment methods, productive interview design structures, useful tests used in the selection process of recruitment and effective induction procedures were compiled. The portfolio of documents will then be analyzed and examined so as to provide an in-depth understanding on the usefulness and importance of such recruitment methods on the recruitment process. Upon analysis and examination of the aforementioned documents, several suggestions to improve and enhance the already effective†¦show more content†¦Therefore, this specific aptitude test is effective as there is test reliability and validity (Bambach, 2010). 2.7. Personality Tests Appendix F demonstrates the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality test. This test allows recruiter to assess whether a candidate is Extraverted or Introverted, Sensitive or Intuitive, more prone to Think or Feel and whether the candidate is more Perceptive or Judging. Such is effective as the employer will be able to determine whether the personality of the candidate is suitable with the job description of the vacant position and with the organizational culture of the company (McShane Travaglione, 2007). Appendix G illustrates the Big Five Personality Test. Similarly to the MBTI, the Big Five Personality Test allows a recruiter to effectively determine the suitability of a potential candidate by scoring the candidate’s level of extroversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness (McShane Travaglione, 2007). 2.8. Effective Induction Procedures Appendix H provides a very concise, informative and detailed induction schedule. 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Six Day War Operation Moked - 1372 Words

Introduction The State of Israel, one of the youngest countries in today’s world, is no stranger to conflict. Prior to the removal of the British Mandatory Palestine tension between the Palestinians and the Jews were high as immigrants from Europe flooded into Palestinian territory. With the British pulling out of Palestine and with the United Nations General Assembly’s 181 resolution Israel was able to declares its independence in 1948. Two millennium ago that the Jewish people were forced out by the Romans, as of 1948 they have officially returned to their home land. For Zionists this was a major cross road in history but it was apparent that their trip was far from over. The day following Israel’s declaration of independence†¦show more content†¦The Straits of Tiran are closed and Israel has already activated its reserves. With clock now running on Israel’s economy and the massing of enemy forces the decision is made to make a preemptive s trike. Execution The night before the world’s most daring air campaign was to take place the Israeli Air force commander, General Hod, went home at his usual time and was asleep by 11pm. The next morning border operations were no different than any other day, or so it appeared. The Israelis wanted to maintain one crucial principle of war, surprise. Without all may have been lost. It was 0710, Israeli time, when the first 16 Magister Fouga jets left Hatzor making all the same radio calls on all the same frequencies used by the normal patrols. In a matter of 20 minutes over 200 aircraft were aloft flying at altitudes no greater than 45 feet and in complete radio silence. Nearly all of the IAF was committed to this phase of the operation, a mere 12 aircraft were left on standby to defend the city centers. â€Å"Pull up.† At 0745 the phase was heard over and over on the air-control net. A second principle of war had been met, Israel was successful at massing its forces o n multiple objectives at a synchronized time. The Egyptians had four training flights aloft, none of which were armed. Surprise is an understatement when describing this feat. The first and second waves were over in 170 minutes. The Egyptian air force was destroyedShow MoreRelatedThe Six Day War And Its Impact On Arab Nations1811 Words   |  8 PagesThe six-day war can go down in history as one of the worst wars between Israel and one or more Arab countries. The six-day war heavily impacted Israel and the participating Arab countries in many ways. Israeli and Arab relations have never been good, even before Israel was declared an independent state in 1948. The six-day war should not be considered a new war based on its impact, rather it should be considered as a continuation of a constant war between Israel and its surrounding Arab neighborsRead MoreCauses Of The Arab-Israeli Conflict In The Middle East1820 Words   |  8 Pagesinstigated another war, with the intent to annihilate Israel. He successfully formed an alliance with all Arab countries to include Jordan and Syria, leaving Israel’s military vastly outnumbered. Abdel Nasser blocked off the Straits of Tiran in May 1967, cutting off Israel’s international trades and main oil supply. Also, Nasser also relocated the Egyptian Army along with his allies, surrounding Israel s borders. This was the breaking point for Israel and the beginning of the Six-Day War on June 5th,

The Apartheid Of South Africa Essay - 2235 Words

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Benefits & Costs of Collaboration in IT Workplace

Question: Discuss about theBenefits Costs of Collaboration in IT Workplace. Answer: Introduction Two or more people or organisations coming together for a common goal is a collaboration (Schuman, 2006). It is a joint effort (Rouse, 2016) and by definition excludes individual work. Information Technology (IT) is the use of computers, networks, storage and other infrastructure to store, retrieve, process, and share electronic data and is often employed in the context of business as opposed to personal use (Bigelow, 2015). This short paper discusses the benefits and costs of collaboration in an IT workplace. Benefits Collaboration promotes a superior quality of work by supporting the division of labour on which our present-day society is based. The ever-increasing specialisation in technology, processes, and customer requirements mean that an individual in an organisation can specialise and thus excel in one or just a handful of domains to be adding value to the entity's mission (Belcher, n.d.). This requirement implies we need to bring together people of different skills to achieve goals, thus, collaboration. Multiple minds working together leads to that many ideas and leads to achieve the task at hand. Collaboration helps build team morale and helps increase job satisfaction (Boyer, n.d.). It increases the chances of interaction among the team members which may aid in honing resilient teams which will care about the quality of work they produce. Costs Collaboration requires the participation of multiple people, and thus the need to keep them on the same page, and thus meetings. It leads to meetings which are often inefficient and result in wasting time (Harmon Cullinan, 2016). Collaboration may lead to useless power struggles (Belcher, n.d.). In the absence of a real authority figure, some individuals may attempt to gain power rather than concentrate on the task at hand. It may also lead to covert conflicts in working styles of individuals (Belcher, n.d.) who would rather like to work solo. Some of these people of these employees may take out their tension on the work, thus being detrimental to the organisation's goals. References Belcher, L. Advantages Disadvantages of Collaboration in the Workplace. Chron. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-collaboration-workplace-20965.html Bigelow, S. (2015). What is Information Technology (IT)? - Definition from WhatIs.com. TechTarget. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/IT Boyer, S. The Importance of Collaboration in the Workplace. Nutcache. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.nutcache.com/blog/the-importance-of-collaboration-in-the-workplace/ Harmon, S. Cullinan, R. (2016). The Dark Side of Collaboration. The Huffington Post. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/shani-harmon/the-dark-side-of-collabor_b_9825020.html Rouse, M. (2016). What is collaboration? - Definition from WhatIs.com. TechTarget. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/collaboration Schuman, S. (2006). Creating a culture of collaboration (1st ed.). San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass.

Kate chopin adversity and criticism Essay Example For Students

Kate chopin: adversity and criticism Essay Kate chopin: adversity and criticism Essay Tragedy, death, adversity and criticism can one or a combination of these circumstances influence the path you take? Enduring the death of loved ones, facing critical abuse and public denunciation as an immoralist, Kate Chopin is considered among the most important women in the nineteenth-century American fiction. (Scarsella) Katherine (Chopin) OFlaherty was born of Irish-French descendants. There is some controversy over the actual date of her birth. Kate stated her day of birth as February 8,1851. There was another listed date, July 12, 1850. Most biographers listed Kate year of birth as 1851 as Kate stated, but Toth discover both baptismal date of May 12, 1850, recorded for Kate at St. Louis Cathedral registry and the U.S. Census record of August 1850 that records a seven-month-old baby, Cath, at the OFlaherty home. (Toth, 24) Therefore, the actual date of birth is unclear. Her father, Thomas OFlaherty, was Irish immigrant who became wealthy. Her mother, Eliza Faris OFlaherty, was of French-Creole heritage. Eliza, at age 16, became Thomas second wife. From Thomas first marriage was born George OFlaherty, Kates half brother whom she loved with all her heart. Also living in the home was her grandmother and her great-grandmother. Kate had a special bond with her father. She was always curious and inquisitive about his job. So, at the age of 5, Thomas OFlaherty decided to take his daughter to work with him one day. This caused the bond to grow even stronger. Her father was one of the founders of the Pacific Railroad. In 1855, during a celebration ceremony of the completion of the Pacific Railroad, a bridge collapsed and the train fell into the Gasconade River. Her father died in this accident, this beginning a series of tragedies Kate had to endure. After her fathers death, she began bonding with the other members of her family. Her mother, Eliza, dealt with death of her husband by focusing on religion. She enrolled Kate in the St. Louis Academy of the Sacred Heart. It is here that Kate discovers literature and the joys of reading (Hoffman). Her great-grandmother taught her to speak French and play the piano. She also delighted Kate with stories that made a vial impression on her. One of which was the story of how her grandmother, had run a ferry service on the Mississippi, and lively stories of women who dared- and seldom remarried. (Howard) In 1863, Kate had to endure more heartache. Her great-grandmother dies. During the same year, her half-brother, George, was captured as a Confederate soldier in the Civil War, contracted typhoid fever and dies. This caused Kate to go into seclusion for two years. She spent most of her time in the family attic. Missing a great deal of school at this time did not cause Kate to flounder. Although she was a scholastic student, she being a creative storyteller. After finishing school, she took two years off and became the belle in St. Louis Society in which her mother, Eliza, was so fond of. It was during this time that Kate started being criticized for her rebellious life style. She would be seen walking around the city unaccompanied, and even smoking. This was a period in time when her behavior was not considered as a norm among high society. Women were treated as second class people. They could not vote or have an open opinion on any thing other than the duties of a wife. Why was Kate not allowed to walk alone? Why was she not allowed to smoke or present herself as she grew to be? What were the duties of a wife according to Kate Chopin? After all, three widows; a mother, a grandmother, and a great-grandmother raised her. She grew up with women making decisions about their lives, and on tales of women being dominant and strong. Some of her influencing may also have come from the school she attended. .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .postImageUrl , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:hover , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:visited , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:active { border:0!important; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:active , .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26 .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7757c5d2b6660f9fdb1876e76ca89f26:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The House on Mango Street Essay The nuns were strong and durable, and showed her women could be in charge of their own lives. Many critics believe this is when Kate became rebellious of the way women were treated. But her first account of rebellion .

Generic Scholarship Essay Sample - How to Find Them

Generic Scholarship Essay Sample - How to Find ThemWhether you are getting started with your career or just need to get more college funding for yourself, you should consider using the online resources of generic scholarship essay samples. These are the tips on how to find these programs.Many of these programs do not charge any application fees. If you don't have any money, then this is a great program for you. However, it is recommended that you pay the application fee. This will show that you are serious about finding a scholarship for you and have also put forth the time to do some research before you submit an application.When it comes to looking for these online resources, there are some general guidelines that you can follow to make sure that you find them and get the help that you need. Remember that you can apply for these programs from many different places. So, when it comes to the specifics of which ones to choose, remember that there are many different options.The best pl ace to search for particular essay samples is on the internet. Online companies are able to offer you the best of the best in writing assistance and get these programs to assist you with the search for funding. But when it comes to finding out which one to use, it's always good to have more information. That way, you'll know what to expect and how to find the best possible option for your situation.If you are searching for general rules on where to look for these programs, you need to know that this may vary by country and by state. Many of the large cities in the United States will also offer scholarships, but they are usually based on whether you live in the city or the rural area. The same goes for the state. So if you are looking for specific generic scholarship essay samples, make sure that you know where you are going to be using them.By researching a little bit, you can get a better overall picture of what type of scholarship to consider. Then you can narrow down your search based on location and whether or not you are applying for one in a particular place. This will help you narrow down your options and possibly make your choice easier.That being said, these are the tips on how to find these programs and use the essay samples that are available. You should now have a better idea of how to choose which one to use and also how to find the best opportunities for you.

Barefoot in the Park, Neil Simons 1963 Romantic Comedy

Barefoot in the Park, Neil Simon's 1963 Romantic Comedy Barefoot in the Park is a romantic comedy written by Neil Simon. It premiered on Broadway in 1963, featuring leading man Robert Redford. The play was a smash hit, running for over 1,500 performances.​​​ The Basic Plot Corie and Paul are newlyweds, fresh from their honeymoon. Corie is still enthralled by her recent sexual awakening and the adventure that comes with youth and marriage. She wants their passionate romantic life to continue at full speed. Paul, however, feels it is time to focus on his burgeoning career as an up-and-coming lawyer. When they dont see eye-to-eye about their apartment, their neighbors, and their sex drive, the new marriage experiences its first patch of rough weather. The Setting Choose a good location for your play, and the rest will write itself. Thats what seems to happen in Barefoot in the Park. The entire play takes place on the fifth floor of a New York apartment building, one without an elevator. In Act One, the walls are bare, the floor is vacant of furniture, and the skylight is broken, allowing it to snow in the middle of their apartment at the most inopportune of moments. Walking up the stairs completely exhausts the characters, granting hilarious, out-of-breath entrances for telephone repairmen, delivery men, and mother-in-laws alike. Corie loves everything about their new, dysfunctional home, even if one must turn the heat off to warm up the place and flush down in order to make the toilet work. Paul, however, does not feel at home, and with the mounting demands of his career, the apartment becomes a catalyst for stress and anxiety. The setting initially creates the conflict between the two lovebirds, but it is the neighbor character who furthers the tension. The Crazy Neighbor Victor Velasco wins the award for the most colorful character in the play, even outdoing the bright, adventuresome Corie. Mr. Velasco prides himself on his eccentricity. He shamelessly sneaks through his neighbors apartments in order to break into his own. He climbs out  five-story windows and travels daringly across the buildings ledges. He loves exotic food and even more exotic conversation. When he meets Corie for the first time, he happily admits to being a dirty old man. Although, he does note that he is only in his fifties and therefore still in that awkward phase. Corie is charmed by him, even going as far as covertly arranging a date between Victor Velasco and her prudish mother. Paul distrusts the neighbor. Velasco represents everything Paul does not want to become: spontaneous, provocative, silly. Of course, those are all traits which Corie values. Neil Simons Women If Neil Simons late wife was anything like Corie, he was a lucky man. Corie embraces life as a series of exciting quests, one more exciting than the next. She is passionate, funny, and optimistic. However, if life becomes dull or tedious, then she shuts down and loses her temper. For the most part, she is the complete opposite of her husband. (Until he learns to compromise and actually walk barefoot in the park... while intoxicated.) In some ways, she is comparable to Julie the deceased wife featured in Simons 1992 Jakes Women. In both comedies, the women are vibrant, youthful, naà ¯ve, and adored by the male leads. Neil Simons first wife, Joan Baim, may have exhibited some of those traits seen in Corie. At the very least, Simon seemed to have been head-over-heels in love with Baim, as indicated in this excellent New York Times article, The Last of the Red Hot Playwrights written by David Richards: The first time I saw Joan she was pitching softball, Simon remembers. I couldnt get a hit off her because I couldnt stop looking at her. By September, writer and counselor were married. In retrospect, it strikes Simon as a period of great innocence, green and summery and gone forever. I noticed one thing almost as soon as Joan and Neil were married, says Joans mother, Helen Baim. It was almost like he drew an invisible circle around the two of them. And nobody went inside that circle. Nobody! A Happy Ending, Of Course What ensues is a light-hearted, predictable final act, in which tensions mount between the newlyweds, culminating with a brief decision to separate (Paul sleeps on the couch for a spell), followed by the realization that both husband and wife should compromise. Its yet another simple (but useful) lesson on moderation. Is Barefoot Funny to Todays Audience? In the sixties and seventies, Neil Simon was the hitmaker of Broadway. Even throughout the eighties and nineties, he was creating plays that were vibrant crowd-pleasers. Plays such as Lost in Yonkers and his autobiographic trilogy pleased the critics as well. Although by todays media-frenzied standards, plays such as Barefoot in the Park may feel like the pilot episode of a slow-paced sitcom; yet there is still a lot to love about his work. When it was written, the play was a comedic look at a modern young couple who learn to live together. Now, enough time has gone by, enough changes in our culture and relationships have occurred, that Barefoot feels like a time capsule, a glimpse into a nostalgic past when the worst thing couples could argue about is a broken skylight, and all conflicts could be resolved simply by making a fool of oneself.

Relationship Between The Self And Wisdom Essay Example

Relationship Between The Self And Wisdom Essay Example Relationship Between The Self And Wisdom Essay Relationship Between The Self And Wisdom Essay Essay Topic: Notre Dame We have before us an account of reason, knowledge, wisdom and autonomy connected within the circle of self. In solidifying the relationship between self and wisdom, the need to expand the loop of self to include others is of interest.   The amalgamation of others into the loop of acceptance and preference depends on the relationship between ourselves and others and gives rise to a tacit wisdom. To understand the combination of these three essential concerns, we must be able to understand and recognize the relations, especially those that lead to our acceptance and preference for what others accept and prefer and their reciprocation.Concern with the self alone can seem simply out of place for most today. Meditation, enlightenment and contemplation suggest an inward turn in which, for a time at least, one attends to a higher being therefore to ones own relation to a higher calling in such a way as to become intensely conscious of ones self in trying to reach out to wisdom. Such a con centration on self can seem to mean forgetting the real problems of the world, an escape into isolation or introversion. (Carr, 1989, p2)The self in concert with wisdom embraces a system of being collectively functional within society. However the wisdom within one’s self is ultimately ‘resurrected,’ as depicted in an almost ‘mystical’ element in the quest for wisdom, for it is a creation that knows of a transcendent light and thrives upon its wisdom, and it can retain stability and mature within the emotional intensity of relationship between the self and wisdom. Thus, the self of transformation is embodied in living and thriving not only through the spirit but also through the desire of life.Formally wisdom alone consisted of proverbial sentence or instruction, debate, or intellectual reflection. Thematically, wisdom comprises self defining intuitions about mastering life for human enhancement.   â€Å"Groping after lifes secrets with regard to innocent suffering, grappling with finitude, and quest for truth concealed in the created order.† (Perdue et al, 1993, p169)Today, as new many experience a new and heightened sense of social and political responsibility, a deep spiritual desire pervades contemporary sensibilities to acquire the two issue of concern as well. Many people have turned inward in search of an integrating center within the self that can unite committed work in their own world with a deep and focused interior sense of self, incorporating not only relationship to with wisdom but to others as well.In religious terms, the self is at once metaphysically distinct from God and yet perfectly identified with that self by love and freedom, so that there appears to be but one self. Transcendent experience in this sense is the illumination of wisdom.   In this experience, one somehow enters the reality of things, knows the meaning of ones own transient existence, and relates to all in a sense of obtained wisdo m. â€Å"Part of its fruitfulness for me has been that it acts as a check on theologys being too doctrine-centered, and not taking account of the imaginative and the practical.† (Cunningham, 2003, p30)   In finality, the tradition of wisdom represents the self critical side of the Human existence. Hence an acceptable and recognizable model is for what man consciously strives daily to keep in harmony.   Wisdom and the relationship of self demands integration of rigorous thought with imagination and also practical concerns.Anne E. Carr, 1989 A Search for Wisdom and Spirit: Thomas Mertons Theology of the Self. Publisher: Notre Dame University Press. Place of Publication: Notre Dame, IN. Page Number: 2.Leo G. Perdue, Bernard Brandon Scott, William Johnston Wiseman, 1993 In Search of Wisdom: Essays in Memory of John G. Gammie.. Publisher: Westminster John Knox Press. Place of Publication: Louisville, KY. Page Number: 169.David S. Cunningham, May 3, 2003 Article Title: The Way of Wisdom. Magazine Title: The Christian Century. Volume: 120. Issue: 9. Publication Date: Page Number: 30+.

A critical analysis of software testing tools and techniques Essay

A critical analysis of software testing tools and techniques - Essay Example It is so important that half of the development of any software must be dedicated to it, as a rule of thumb. Some people believe that software testing must be done at the end of software development, as a final stage. However, it is important to note that testing must be done at all stages of development. It must be integrated into it and must be a continual process throughout. For example, once requirements have been gathered, design must be created and implemented. Once each module is developed, it should be tested immediately for any bugs or defects. Or if prototypes are to be delivered to the customer, after each delivery, the software must be tested. Software testing should not be left to end; after all the modules of a project have been developed. How and when testing is carried out also depends on customer requirements and desired results, the Project Manger’s way of working, and the Project Lifecycle model. Software testing is still considered to be an art because there is still limited understanding of it. The reason for this complexity of software testing is that there are so many testing principles, techniques and tools available that can be used to carry out this critical activity. One must know which ones are most suitable in accordance with the software being developed. Software testing tools include source, embedded, functional, performance, java, link and HTML, API, requirements management, security and many other test tools (Applied Testing and Technology, 2009). Software testing techniques vary as the software travels through its stages of development lifecycle. However, software testing techniques can be roughly divided into unit testing, integration testing, system testing and user acceptance testing (Luo, 2009). The general goal of all these testing tools and techniques is to produce a high quality software that meets customer requirements, by developing it in controlled circumstances (Luo, 2009). As a

Application report 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application report 2 - Essay Example The rise in federal interest rate causes general increase in the cost of capital. This leads to the increase in the cost of manufacturing and services. The present value of annuity such as pension will decrease because the value of dollar or purchasing power of dollar will fall. However, with the rise in interest cost the higher interest rate of 6% will reduce the present value of annuity to 40,000/1.06= $37,735. The person has lost $360 due to rise in the cost of living. Vice versa is also true. Further, the future value of the money invested will rise along with the rise in interest cost. The significance of above calculation is that total annuity though received is $5000 yet actual worth is $4329 only. The worth will further be reduced if interest rate is still high, say, 7 %. The quick calculation can be done with the same equation. Firms calculate weighted average cost of capital that depends upon the cost of equity and the cost of debt. The cost of debt will rise with the rise in interest cost as company will need to give higher interest on its borrowings. The increase in the cost of debt will also increase the cost of equity because the cost of equity rules a few percentage points higher (usually 5 to 10% depending upon the risk profile of the company) than the debt cost. The higher interest cost will result into higher production cost of the product or services. If the company is unable to pass the increased cost to the consumers then it will reflect into the reduced earnings of the company for a given year. The net profit of the company is calculated by deducting the interest paid on the debt in a given year; however lesser earnings in a given year may also result into lesser dividend for

Shear Bond Strength of Nanocomposite Resin

Shear Bond Strength of Nanocomposite Resin ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare the shear bond strength of nanocomposite resin to superficial dentin and deep dentin using two different dentin bonding systems. METHOD All teeth were sectioned at various levels (Superficial Dentin: Dentin within 0.5-1 mm of DEJ; Deep Dentin: Dentin within 0.5 mm of the highest pulp horn) using a carborundum Disc and embedded in acrylic block of specific size. Selected specimens (60 premolar teeth) were grouped randomly into three groups, the groups were differentiated into superficial dentin, deep dentin and control group which were further divided into sub group a and subgroup b containing 10 teeth each, depending on the bonding agents used. In subgroup A, Tetric-n-bond, and in subgroup B Single bond universal was used. In the control group no bonding agent was used. The specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5 degree c and 55 degree c water bath for 40 seconds. Finally the specimens were subjected to shear bond strength study under INSTRON machine (UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE). The maximum shear bond strengths were noted at the time of fracture (de-bonding) of the restorative material. Results were analysed using ANOVA test, Bonferroni test and paired t test. RESULTS Bond strength values of fifth generation bonding system (Tetric n bond) showed higher mean shear bond strength compared to seventh generation bonding system (single bond universal). There was a significant fall in bond strength values as one reaches deeper levels of dentin from superficial to deep dentin. CONCLUSION- There was a significant difference between the bond strength of fifth generation bonding system (Tetric n bond) and seventh generation bonding system (single bond universal).Decrease in the bond strength values is seen for deeper level of dentin as compared to superficial dentin. INTRODUCTION The success of any dental restoration is based on the high adhesive property of the material. Various materials are available which utilizes this adhesive property such as, glass ionomer cement restoration, composite restorations and pit and fissure sealants. Among these composite resins have been developed since few years in order to provide the best esthetics to the anterior restorations as well as for posterior restorations. Dental adhesive systems are agents used to promote adhesion between composite resin and dental structure, and they should present similar performance on enamel and dentine. Bonding to enamel and dentin has been known to be clinically reliable with the advent of acid etching technique. It differs from enamel, as it has more organic contents, presence of fluid inside the dentinal tubules, smear layer and inherent wetness on the surface[1]. Dentin has been characterized as a biologic composite of a collagen matrix filled with sub-micron to nanometer sized calcium deficient carbonate rich apatite crystallites dispersed between hyper mineralized collagen poor hollow cylinders. It is very well understood that the density of dentinal tubules varies with dentinal depth and as well as the water content of dentin is lowest in superficial dentin and highest in deep dentin. In superficial dentin which contains fewer tubules and the permeation of resin into intertubular dentin will be responsible for most of the bond strength. In deep dentin, dentinal tubules are more in number and hence, intratubular permeability of resins will be responsible for higher bond strength. Two major simplified bonding approaches have been developed namely. Total etch technique –involves the simultaneously removal of the smear layer from both enamel and dentin surface followed by the application of one bottle agent that combines the primer and adhesive in one solution. Self-etching technique – their bonding mechanism is based upon the simultaneous etching, priming and adhesive of the dentin surface in a single bottle[2]. Bonding to enamel was achieved earlier and easier (Buonocore,1955) because enamel is mostly composed of hydroxyapatite crystals. Although it is possible to obtain predictable and reliable adhesion to enamel, adhesion to dentin, which is the largest part of the tooth, has proved to be more challenging because of its heterogeneous nature. The mechanism of dentin adhesion, enhanced by hybrid layer formation between the resin and dentin, was proposed by Nakabayashi (1982). The adequate hybrid layer formation is believed to be essential to create a strong and durable bond between resin and dentin. Adhesive restorations have been widely accepted for both anterior and posterior use in restorative dentistry. Patient’s demands for esthetic restorations have caused a recent increase in the use of tooth colored restorative materials. To achieve clinical success with such restorations, good adhesion between restorative materials and tooth substrates is of crucial importance in order to ensure good marginal sealing, reinforcement of the tooth structure, and longer life of the restoration. During the last two decades, a variety of adhesive systems have been continuously developed in order to produce good adhesion to dental substrates. These great advances in the adhesive dentistry have changed the concepts of cavity preparation based on the principals proposed by GV Black (1955) into more conservative and minimally invasive ones. The current self-etching adhesives provide monomer formulation for simultaneous conditioning and priming of both enamel and dentin. As of today less research are available to indicate the effectiveness of new generation self-etching primers against superficial and deep dentin. Shear bond strength measurements are commonly used to evaluate effectiveness of dentin bonding systems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Shear Bond Strength of the newer bonding systems on superficial dentine and deep dentin. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present in- vitro study was conducted in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontic, M.R.Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore. Sixty intact human maxillary pre molar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons were collected from Oral and Maxillo-Facial Department at M.R.Ambedkar Dental College Hospital. The teeth were stored, disinfected and handled as per the recommendations and guidelines laid down by OSHA and CDC. Teeth selected were randomly divided into three groups of twenty teeth each. Group A, Group B and Control group. Group A and B were further subdivided into Subgroup A Subgroup B, of ten each. All teeth were sectioned at various levels using a Carborundum Disc under copious water and embedded in acrylic block of specific size. Group I: Superficial Dentin – 20 specimens Sub group A – Superficial Dentin (Tetric N Bond) 10 specimens Sub group B – Superficial Dentin (Single Bond Universal) 10 specimens Group II: Deep Dentin – 20 specimens Sub group A – Deep Dentin (Tetric N Bond) 10 specimens Sub group B – Deep Dentin (Single Bond Universal) 10 specimens Group III: Control Group – 20 specimens Sub group A – Superficial Dentin 10 specimens Sub group B – Deep Dentin 10 specimens The occlusal surfaces of teeth were ground on a water-cooled trimming wheel to prepare flat dentin surfaces. Group 1 (Superficial Dentin) Subgroup A All the specimens were etched on the prepared dentinal flat surface with (N Etch), and washed. The surface was blotted with gauze to produce a visible moist dentin surface. The total-etching adhesive (Tetric N Bond) was applied on the prepared dentinal flat surface left undisturbed for 20 seconds and the excess solvent was removed with a gentle stream of air. Light curing was done for 40 seconds with a visible light curing unit. After curing the bonding agent, nanocomposite resin (Tetric N Ceram) was placed on the prepared dentinal surface using Teflon mold and cured according to manufacturers instructions. The same procedure was carried out on the 10 specimens in this group. Subgroup B The self-etching adhesive (single bond universal) was applied on the prepared dentinal flat surface left undisturbed for 20 seconds and the excess solvent was removed with a gentle stream of air. Light curing was done for 40 seconds with a visible light curing unit. After curing the bonding agent, nanocomposite resin was placed on the prepared dentinal surface using Teflon mold and cured according to manufacturers instructions. The same procedure was carried out on the 10 specimens in this group. Group II (Deep Dentin) Subgroup A The same procedure as carried out in the group I, subgroup A is carried out on all specimens in this group. Sub group B The same procedure as carried out in the group I, subgroup B is carried out on all specimens in this group. Group III (Control Group) No bonding agent was applied. Nanocomposite resin was placed and cured according to manufacturers instructions. Specimens were then stored under room temperature for 48 hours. The specimens were then thermocycled for 500 cycles between 50 c and 550 c water bath. A dwell time of 40 seconds were used for each bath. All the sixty specimens were transferred to the Instron testing machine individually and subjected to shear bond strength test. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The statistical data derived from the four subgroups were analysed using ANOVA test, Bonferroni test and paired t test . RESULTS: For superficial dentin Higher mean shear bond strength was recorded in Fifth generation bonding system followed by seventh generation bonding system and control respectively. The difference in mean shear bond strength between the groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Deep dentin Higher mean shear bond strength was recorded in fifth generation bonding agent followed by seventh generation bonding agent and Control respectively. The difference in mean shear bond strength between the groups was found to be statistically significant (P The difference in bond strength using fifth generation bonding agent in superficial dentin and deep dentin was not statically significant. (P>0.05). The difference in bond strength using seventh generation bonding agent in superficial and deep dentin was statically significant. (P DISCUSSION Adhesion to acid etched enamel was proposed by Buonocore in 1955. Bond strength to enamel or dentin is an important indicator of an adhesive system’s effectiveness. The bonding layer must not only support composite shrinkage stress, but also occlusal loads in stress bearing area to avoid gap formation leading to micro leakage, secondary caries and post operative sensitivity[3]. Bond strength testing and measurement of marginal – sealing effectiveness are the two most commonly employed methodologies to determine bonding effectiveness in the laboratory in predicting clinical performance. Dentin is a dynamic tissue. It represents a challenge to resin based adhesives while the bond strength of enamel has been studied extensively, bonding to dentin with the generation of bonding systems has remain unsolved. The dentin substrate has been characterized as a biologic composite of collagen matrix filled with apatite crystals dispersed between parallel micrometer sized hypermineralized collagenpoor dentinal tubules containing peritubular dentin. The composition of dentin substrate is made up of 50 % minerals, 20% of water and 30% of organic matrix. But as the dentin deepens this composition may change accordingly. This is due to the fact that the superficial dentin has few tubules and is composed predominantly of intertubular dentin. Deep dentin is composed mainly of larger funnel shaped dentinal tubules with much less intertubular dentin[4]. The intertubular dentin plays an important role during hybrid layer formation in superficial dentin and the contribution to resin retention is proportional to the intertubular dentin available for bonding[5]. Adhesive dentistry is based on the development of materials which establish an effective bond with the tooth tissues. Successful adhesive bonding depends on the chemistry of adhesive, on appropriate clinical handling of the material as well as on the knowledge of the morphological changes caused on the dental tissue by different bonding procedures[6]. The rationale behind the bond strength testing is that higher the actual bonding capacity of an adhesive, the better it will withstand such stresses and longer the restorations will survive in vivo. Bond strength testing is relatively easy and fast and remains most popular methodology for measuring the bonding effectiveness of adhesive systems[7]. The results of the present study revealed that superficial dentin presented bond strength values that were statistically higher and different from values obtained in dentin at deep level. Tagami J et al (1990) attributed this either to differences in chemical composition or regional differences in wetness (dentin permeability). Thus there are several factors that may contribute to high coefficient of variation that is often reported in dentin shear bond strength studies. Several earlier reports indicate that the bond strength of resin is highest on superficial dentin and lowest in deep dentin[8]. Suzuki T et al (1988) studied the efficacy of dentin bonding systems based on the site of dentin with reference to the observation of Causton et al that bond strengths to deep dentin were considerably lower than those to superficial dentin. The present study has confirmed the observation of Causton et al that the efficacy of dentin adhesives depends upon the dentin surface from superficial to deep dentin in the tooth tested[8]. Different from etch and rinse adhesives, self-etch adhesives do not require a separate etching step as they contain acidic monomers that simultaneously condition and prime the dental substrate. Consequently, this approach has been claimed to be user friendlier and less technique sensitive, thereby resulting in a reliable clinical performance. Self-etch adhesives are user friendly because of shorter application time and less steps and less technique sensitive because of no wet bonding but simple drying. Comparatively with the self-etch adhesives there is lower incidence of post-operative sensitivity experienced by the patient. This should to a great extent be attributed to the less aggressive and thus more superficial interaction with the dentin leaving tubules largely obstructed with smear layer[9]. This study is in consensus with Suzuki et al, with regard to, higher bond strength at all levels of dentin with TETRIC N BOND which belongs to the-etch and rinse approach. Pegadu Rafeal et al (2010)[4]compared the effect of different bonding strategies on adhesion to deep and superficial dentin and concluded that bond strength obtained in superficial dentin was significantly higher than that in deep dentin for all adhesives tested. They further concluded that the bond strengths of dentin bonding agents at any depth is dependent on the area occupied by resin tags, the area of intertubular dentin that is infiltrated by the resin and the area of surface adhesion. In the present study, comparison (paired t test) among the tetric n bond group, higher mean bond strength was recorded at the superficial dentin level than deep dentin. And comparison (paired t test) among the single bond universal group higher bond strength was recorded at the superficial dentin level than deep dentin. Van Meerbeek et al (2011) [9] recommended that for further optimization of the self-etch approach, synthesis of functional monomers tailored to exhibit good chemical bonding potential following a mild self-etch approach. The approach appears to guarantee the most durable bonding performance at dentin provided that it deals adequately with the debris smeared across the surface by the bur. Micromechanical interlocking is still the best strategy to bond to enamel. Selective phosphoric acid etching of enamel cavity margins is therefore today highly recommended followed by applying a self-etch procedure to both the earlier etched enamel and un-etched dentin. Such mild self-etch adhesives should contain functional monomers with a high chemical affinity to hydroxyapatite. CONCLUSION: At superficial dentin level higher mean shear bond strength was recorded in Fifth generation bonding system followed by Seventh generation bonding system and control group respectively. The difference in mean shear bond strength between the groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). At deep dentin level, higher mean shear bond strength was recorded in Fifth generation bonding system followed by Seventh generation bonding system and control group respectively. The difference in mean shear bond strength between the groups was found to be statistically significant (P At deep dentin level, statistically significant results were obtained with the Fifth generation (Tetric N Bond) bonding system which had higher mean shear bond strength values compared to the Seventh generation self-etch bonding system (Single Bond Universal). There was a statistically significant difference in shear bond strength values with Fifth generation bonding system and control group ( without bonding system) at deep dentin. There was a significant fall in bond strength values as one reaches deeper levels from Superficial dentin to Deep dentin.